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SAE-AISI M44 Steel vs. SAE-AISI P21 Steel

Both SAE-AISI M44 steel and SAE-AISI P21 steel are iron alloys. They have 71% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI M44 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI P21 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 870 to 2290
1130

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1590
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1540
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 440
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 14
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 43
6.5
Density, g/cm3 8.4
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 9.9
2.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
32
Embodied Water, L/kg 170
62

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 23
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 75
40
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 46
31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.7
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 27 to 70
37

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 1.1 to 1.2
0.18 to 0.22
Chromium (Cr), % 4.0 to 4.8
0 to 0.5
Cobalt (Co), % 11 to 12.3
1.1 to 1.3
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 65.3 to 70.6
92.1 to 94.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.4
0.35 to 0.72
Molybdenum (Mo), % 6.0 to 7.0
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
3.9 to 4.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.3 to 0.55
0.2 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 5.0 to 5.8
0
Vanadium (V), % 1.9 to 2.2
0.15 to 0.25