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SAE-AISI P20 Steel vs. S31254 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI P20 steel and S31254 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 57% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P20 steel and the bottom bar is S31254 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 540 to 1050
720

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
300
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 45
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.8
28
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6
5.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21
74
Embodied Water, L/kg 52
190

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.6
44
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19 to 37
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 29
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 35
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.28 to 0.4
0 to 0.020
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 2.0
19.5 to 20.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0.5 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 95.2 to 98.5
51.4 to 56.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.35 to 0.71
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.3 to 0.55
6.0 to 6.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
17.5 to 18.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.18 to 0.22
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.8
0 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.010