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SAE-AISI P21 Steel vs. AISI 316H Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI P21 steel and AISI 316H stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 72% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (13, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P21 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 316H stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1130
580

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.9
2.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.0
2.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.5
19
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.3
3.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 32
53
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
150

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 40
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
4.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 37
13

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.18 to 0.22
0.040 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.5
16 to 18
Cobalt (Co), % 1.1 to 1.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 92.1 to 94.2
62.1 to 72
Manganese (Mn), % 0.35 to 0.72
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.0 to 3.0
Nickel (Ni), % 3.9 to 4.3
10 to 14
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.4
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.25
0