SAE-AISI P21 Steel vs. AWS E320

Both SAE-AISI P21 steel and AWS E320 are iron alloys. They have 43% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 19 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P21 steel and the bottom bar is AWS E320.

SAE-AISI P21 (T51621) Low-Carbon Mould Steel AWS E320 (W88021) Weld Metal

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200

Poisson's Ratio		0.29
Poisson's Ratio		0.28

Shear Modulus, GPa		73
Shear Modulus, GPa		77

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		1130
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		620

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		250
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		300

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1450
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1410

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1360

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		470
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		460

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		14

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		6.5
Base Metal Price, % relative		38

Density, g/cm³		7.9
Density, g/cm³		8.2

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		2.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		6.5

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		32
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		91

Embodied Water, L/kg		62
Embodied Water, L/kg		220

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		13
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		13

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		24
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		24

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		40
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		21

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		31
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		20

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		37
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), %		0.18 to 0.22
Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.070

Chromium (Cr), %		0 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), %		19 to 21

Cobalt (Co), %		1.1 to 1.3
Cobalt (Co), %		0

Copper (Cu), %		0 to 0.25
Copper (Cu), %		3.0 to 4.0

Iron (Fe), %		92.1 to 94.2
Iron (Fe), %		31.8 to 43.5

Manganese (Mn), %		0.35 to 0.72
Manganese (Mn), %		0.5 to 2.5

Molybdenum (Mo), %		0
Molybdenum (Mo), %		2.0 to 3.0

Nickel (Ni), %		3.9 to 4.3
Nickel (Ni), %		32 to 36

Niobium (Nb), %		0
Niobium (Nb), %		0 to 1.0

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040

Silicon (Si), %		0.2 to 0.4
Silicon (Si), %		0 to 0.6

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030

Vanadium (V), %		0.15 to 0.25
Vanadium (V), %		0