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SAE-AISI P21 Steel vs. EN AC-46500 Aluminum

SAE-AISI P21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN AC-46500 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P21 steel and the bottom bar is EN AC-46500 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
74
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
28
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1130
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
520
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
610
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
520
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
100
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.9
26
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.0
81

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.5
10
Density, g/cm3 7.9
2.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.3
7.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 32
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
1030

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
49
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 40
26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31
32
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
41
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 37
12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
77.9 to 90
Carbon (C), % 0.18 to 0.22
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.15
Cobalt (Co), % 1.1 to 1.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
2.0 to 4.0
Iron (Fe), % 92.1 to 94.2
0 to 1.3
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.35
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.050 to 0.55
Manganese (Mn), % 0.35 to 0.72
0 to 0.55
Nickel (Ni), % 3.9 to 4.3
0 to 0.55
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.4
8.0 to 11
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.15
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 3.0
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.25