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SAE-AISI P21 Steel vs. Grade 19 Titanium

SAE-AISI P21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 19 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P21 steel and the bottom bar is grade 19 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
120
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
47
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1130
890 to 1300

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1600
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
520
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
6.2
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.5
45
Density, g/cm3 7.9
5.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.3
47
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 32
760
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
230

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
33
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 40
49 to 72
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31
41 to 53
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
2.4
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 37
57 to 83

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
3.0 to 4.0
Carbon (C), % 0.18 to 0.22
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.5
5.5 to 6.5
Cobalt (Co), % 1.1 to 1.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.020
Iron (Fe), % 92.1 to 94.2
0 to 0.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.35 to 0.72
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
3.5 to 4.5
Nickel (Ni), % 3.9 to 4.3
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.12
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.4
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
71.1 to 77
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.25
7.5 to 8.5
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
3.5 to 4.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4