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SAE-AISI P21 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4028 Steel

Both SAE-AISI P21 steel and SAE-AISI 4028 steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 94% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P21 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4028 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1130
490 to 630

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
49
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.9
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.0
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.5
2.1
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.3
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 32
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
47

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 40
17 to 22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31
18 to 21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 37
16 to 20

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.18 to 0.22
0.25 to 0.3
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.5
0
Cobalt (Co), % 1.1 to 1.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 92.1 to 94.2
98.1 to 98.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.35 to 0.72
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 3.9 to 4.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.4
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0.035 to 0.050
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.25
0