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SAE-AISI P21 Steel vs. S31277 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI P21 steel and S31277 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 46% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 19 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (14, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P21 steel and the bottom bar is S31277 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
210
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1130
860

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
310
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
460
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
16

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.5
36
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.3
6.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 32
90
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
220

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 40
29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31
25
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 37
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.18 to 0.22
0 to 0.020
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.5
20.5 to 23
Cobalt (Co), % 1.1 to 1.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0.5 to 1.5
Iron (Fe), % 92.1 to 94.2
35.5 to 46.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.35 to 0.72
0 to 3.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
6.5 to 8.0
Nickel (Ni), % 3.9 to 4.3
26 to 28
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.3 to 0.4
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.4
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.010
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.25
0