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SAE-AISI P21 Steel vs. S31727 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI P21 steel and S31727 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 63% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 19 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (17, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P21 steel and the bottom bar is S31727 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1130
630

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
16

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.5
24
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.3
4.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 32
64
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
180

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 40
22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31
20
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 37
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.18 to 0.22
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.5
17.5 to 19
Cobalt (Co), % 1.1 to 1.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
2.8 to 4.0
Iron (Fe), % 92.1 to 94.2
53.7 to 61.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.35 to 0.72
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
3.8 to 4.5
Nickel (Ni), % 3.9 to 4.3
14.5 to 16.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.15 to 0.21
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.4
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.25
0