SAE-AISI P21 Steel vs. S45500 Stainless Steel
Both SAE-AISI P21 steel and S45500 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 80% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (14, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P21 steel and the bottom bar is S45500 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Rockwell C Hardness | 35 | |
| 32 to 54 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 75 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1130 | |
| 1370 to 1850 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 270 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1440 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1400 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 11 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 6.5 | |
| 17 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.3 | |
| 3.8 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 32 | |
| 57 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 62 | |
| 120 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 40 | |
| 48 to 65 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 31 | |
| 35 to 42 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 37 | |
| 48 to 64 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.18 to 0.22 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 11 to 12.5 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 1.1 to 1.3 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 1.5 to 2.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 92.1 to 94.2 | |
| 71.5 to 79.2 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.35 to 0.72 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 3.9 to 4.3 | |
| 7.5 to 9.5 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.2 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Tantalum (Ta), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0.8 to 1.4 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.15 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |