SAE-AISI P4 Steel vs. ASTM A372 Grade M Steel
Both SAE-AISI P4 steel and ASTM A372 grade M steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P4 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 74 | |
| 73 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 390 to 1980 | |
| 810 to 910 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 260 | |
| 250 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 41 | |
| 46 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 8.1 | |
| 8.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 9.3 | |
| 9.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 4.4 | |
| 5.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.8 | |
| 2.0 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 23 | |
| 27 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 68 | |
| 61 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 7.0 | |
| 3.4 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 14 to 70 | |
| 29 to 32 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 15 to 45 | |
| 24 to 27 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 11 | |
| 12 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 13 to 64 | |
| 24 to 27 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.12 | |
| 0 to 0.23 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 4.0 to 5.3 | |
| 1.5 to 2.0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 92.3 to 95.3 | |
| 92.5 to 95.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| 0.2 to 0.4 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.4 to 1.0 | |
| 0.4 to 0.6 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 2.8 to 3.9 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.1 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |