SAE-AISI P4 Steel vs. ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel
Both SAE-AISI P4 steel and ASTM A387 grade 21 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P4 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
190 |
Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
0.29 |
Shear Modulus, GPa | 74 | |
74 |
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 390 to 1980 | |
500 to 590 |
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 260 | |
260 |
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
1470 |
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
1430 |
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
470 |
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 41 | |
41 |
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
13 |
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 8.1 | |
7.6 |
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 9.3 | |
8.8 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price, % relative | 4.4 | |
4.1 |
Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
7.9 |
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.8 | |
1.8 |
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 23 | |
23 |
Embodied Water, L/kg | 68 | |
62 |
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 7.0 | |
6.4 |
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
13 |
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
24 |
Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 14 to 70 | |
18 to 21 |
Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 15 to 45 | |
18 to 20 |
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 11 | |
11 |
Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 13 to 64 | |
14 to 17 |
Alloy Composition
Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.12 | |
0.050 to 0.15 |
Chromium (Cr), % | 4.0 to 5.3 | |
2.8 to 3.3 |
Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
0 |
Iron (Fe), % | 92.3 to 95.3 | |
94.4 to 96 |
Manganese (Mn), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
0.3 to 0.6 |
Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.4 to 1.0 | |
0.9 to 1.1 |
Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
0 to 0.025 |
Silicon (Si), % | 0.1 to 0.4 | |
0 to 0.5 |
Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
0 to 0.025 |