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SAE-AISI S1 Steel vs. 4104 Aluminum

SAE-AISI S1 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 4104 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI S1 steel and the bottom bar is 4104 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1840
110

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
540
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1500
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
22

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.7
33
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.7
120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
9.5
Density, g/cm3 8.0
2.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.6
8.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 37
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 56
1080

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
54
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 64
12
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 42
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
58
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21 to 56
5.1

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
85.8 to 90
Bismuth (Bi), % 0
0.020 to 0.2
Carbon (C), % 0.4 to 0.55
0
Chromium (Cr), % 1.0 to 1.8
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 91.6 to 96.7
0 to 0.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
1.0 to 2.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.1 to 0.4
0 to 0.1
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 1.2
9.0 to 10.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Tungsten (W), % 1.5 to 3.0
0
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15