SAE-AISI S1 Steel vs. SAE-AISI A4 Steel
Both SAE-AISI S1 steel and SAE-AISI A4 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI S1 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI A4 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 73 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 690 to 1840 | |
| 710 to 2050 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 260 | |
| 250 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1500 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 41 | |
| 40 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.7 | |
| 7.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.7 | |
| 8.6 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 8.0 | |
| 3.9 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.0 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.6 | |
| 1.8 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 37 | |
| 24 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 56 | |
| 59 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 5.9 | |
| 5.3 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 to 64 | |
| 25 to 73 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 to 42 | |
| 23 to 46 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 11 | |
| 11 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 21 to 56 | |
| 23 to 67 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.4 to 0.55 | |
| 1.0 to 1.1 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 1.0 to 1.8 | |
| 0.9 to 2.2 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 91.6 to 96.7 | |
| 92 to 95.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.1 to 0.4 | |
| 1.8 to 2.2 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0.9 to 1.4 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 1.2 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 1.5 to 3.0 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.15 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |