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SAE-AISI T5 Steel vs. 2124 Aluminum

SAE-AISI T5 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 2124 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI T5 steel and the bottom bar is 2124 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 210
71
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
27
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 860 to 2140
490

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
390
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1810
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1750
500
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 410
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 21
150
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
23

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 60
10
Density, g/cm3 9.4
3.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 11
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 170
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 140
1150

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 12
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 21
46
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 63
45
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 39
46
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 5.5
58
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 26 to 66
21

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
91.3 to 94.7
Carbon (C), % 0.75 to 0.85
0
Chromium (Cr), % 3.8 to 5.0
0 to 0.1
Cobalt (Co), % 7.0 to 9.5
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
3.8 to 4.9
Iron (Fe), % 60.6 to 68.3
0 to 0.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
1.2 to 1.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.4
0.3 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.5 to 1.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.4
0 to 0.2
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.15
Tungsten (W), % 17.5 to 19
0
Vanadium (V), % 1.8 to 2.4
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15