Synthetic Sapphire vs. Borosilicate Glass
Synthetic sapphire belongs to the oxide-based engineering ceramics classification, while borosilicate glass belongs to the glass and glass-ceramics. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is synthetic sapphire and the bottom bar is borosilicate glass.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Compressive (Crushing) Strength, MPa | 2700 | |
| 2000 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 450 | |
| 67 to 80 |
| Flexural Strength, MPa | 1090 | |
| 34 to 69 |
| Fracture Toughness, MPa-m1/2 | 1.9 | |
| 0.8 |
| Knoop Hardness | 1860 | |
| 510 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.21 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 2470 | |
| 280 |
Thermal Properties
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 2000 | |
| 360 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 2050 | |
| 560 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 760 | |
| 830 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 30 | |
| 1.2 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 5.3 | |
| 3.3 to 5.1 |
Electrical Properties
| Dielectric Constant (Relative Permittivity) At 1 MHz | 10 | |
| 5.4 |
| Dielectric Strength (Breakdown Potential), kV/mm | 9.9 | |
| 5.0 to 34 |
| Electrical Resistivity Order of Magnitude, 10x Ω-m | 17 | |
| 9.0 to 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.0 | |
| 2.2 to 2.6 |
| Light Transmission Range, µm | 0.17 to 5.5 | |
| 0.3 to 2.5 |
| Refractive Index | 1.8 | |
| 1.5 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 63 | |
| 15 to 17 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 64 | |
| 55 to 61 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 170 | |
| 30 to 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 100 | |
| 36 to 43 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 9.9 | |
| 0.54 to 0.63 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 74 | |
| 50 to 91 |