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Synthetic Sapphire vs. Tungsten Carbide

Synthetic sapphire belongs to the oxide-based engineering ceramics classification, while tungsten carbide belongs to the non-oxide engineering ceramics. There are 19 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is synthetic sapphire and the bottom bar is tungsten carbide.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Compressive (Crushing) Strength, MPa 2700
4780
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 450
630
Flexural Strength, MPa 1090
1830
Fracture Toughness, MPa-m1/2 1.9
12
Knoop Hardness 1860
1670
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.24
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2470
350

Thermal Properties

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 2000
1000
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 760
280
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 30
85
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 5.3
5.4

Electrical Properties

Electrical Resistivity Order of Magnitude, 10x Ω-m 17
0.75

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 4.0
15

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 63
24
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 64
20
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 170
6.6
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 100
7.5
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 9.9
21
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 74
7.2