Type 1 Niobium vs. ASTM A227 Spring Steel
Type 1 niobium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals classification, while ASTM A227 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is Type 1 niobium and the bottom bar is ASTM A227 spring steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 79 | |
| 500 to 640 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 29 | |
| 12 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.4 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 38 | |
| 72 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 140 | |
| 1720 to 2220 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 82 | |
| 1430 to 1850 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 320 | |
| 250 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 270 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 52 | |
| 52 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 7.3 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.6 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 160 | |
| 46 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 35 | |
| 200 to 260 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 6.8 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 4.6 | |
| 61 to 79 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 7.1 | |
| 41 to 48 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 23 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 13 | |
| 55 to 71 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0.45 to 0.85 |
| Hafnium (Hf), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.0015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| 97.4 to 99.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.3 to 1.3 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| 0 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 99.7 to 100 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Tantalum (Ta), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |