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Type 4 Magnetic Alloy vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel

Type 4 magnetic alloy belongs to the nickel alloys classification, while ASTM A231 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is Type 4 magnetic alloy and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 2.0 to 40
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 400
1000
Poisson's Ratio 0.31
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 630
1080
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 620 to 1100
1790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270 to 1040
1570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 900
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1420
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 440
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.0
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 60
2.3
Density, g/cm3 8.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 10
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 210
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 22 to 200
230
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 12
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 22
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19 to 35
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 27
42
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21 to 37
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.050
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
0.8 to 1.1
Cobalt (Co), % 0 to 0.5
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.3
0
Iron (Fe), % 9.5 to 17.5
96.7 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.8
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 3.5 to 6.0
0
Nickel (Ni), % 79 to 82
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3