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Type 4 Niobium vs. S32304 Stainless Steel

Type 4 niobium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals classification, while S32304 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (13, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is Type 4 niobium and the bottom bar is S32304 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 120
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
200
Elongation at Break, % 23
28
Poisson's Ratio 0.4
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 38
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 220
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 140
460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
290
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 270
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 42
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 7.3
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 8.6
7.7
Embodied Water, L/kg 160
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 93
520
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 6.8
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 18
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 7.2
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 9.5
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 18
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
21.5 to 24.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.050 to 0.6
Hafnium (Hf), % 0 to 0.020
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.0015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.010
65 to 75.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.050
0.050 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.0050
3.0 to 5.5
Niobium (Nb), % 98.1 to 99.2
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.010
0.050 to 0.2
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.025
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.0050
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Tantalum (Ta), % 0 to 0.5
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.020
0
Tungsten (W), % 0 to 0.050
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0.8 to 1.2
0