C18700 Copper vs. ASTM Grade HF Steel
C18700 copper belongs to the copper alloys classification, while ASTM grade HF steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is C18700 copper and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HF steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.0 to 9.6 | |
| 29 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.34 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 43 | |
| 77 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 290 to 330 | |
| 550 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 230 to 250 | |
| 270 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 210 | |
| 300 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 200 | |
| 1000 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1080 | |
| 1410 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 950 | |
| 1370 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 380 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 380 | |
| 16 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 16 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 98 | |
| 2.1 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 99 | |
| 2.4 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 30 | |
| 17 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 9.0 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.6 | |
| 3.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 41 | |
| 46 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 310 | |
| 150 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 24 to 29 | |
| 130 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 240 to 280 | |
| 180 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.1 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 9.0 to 10 | |
| 20 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 11 to 12 | |
| 19 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 110 | |
| 4.2 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 10 to 12 | |
| 12 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.4 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 18 to 23 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 98 to 99.2 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 | |
| 60 to 73.8 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0.8 to 1.5 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 8.0 to 12 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |