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C19000 Copper vs. ASTM Grade HL Steel

C19000 copper belongs to the copper alloys classification, while ASTM grade HL steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is C19000 copper and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HL steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 120
200
Elongation at Break, % 2.5 to 50
11
Poisson's Ratio 0.34
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 43
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 260 to 760
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 140 to 630
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 210
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 200
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1080
1390
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1040
1340
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 390
490
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
17

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 31
27
Density, g/cm3 8.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.7
4.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 42
65
Embodied Water, L/kg 310
210

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 18 to 110
48
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 89 to 1730
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 7.2
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 18
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 8.2 to 24
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 10 to 21
18
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.3 to 27
11

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0
0.2 to 0.6
Chromium (Cr), % 0
28 to 32
Copper (Cu), % 96.9 to 99
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.1
40.8 to 53.8
Lead (Pb), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0.9 to 1.3
18 to 22
Phosphorus (P), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.8
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.5
0