C19000 Copper vs. ASTM Grade HT Steel
C19000 copper belongs to the copper alloys classification, while ASTM grade HT steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is C19000 copper and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HT steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 120 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 2.5 to 50 | |
| 4.6 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.34 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 43 | |
| 76 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 260 to 760 | |
| 500 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 140 to 630 | |
| 270 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 210 | |
| 310 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 200 | |
| 1010 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1080 | |
| 1390 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1040 | |
| 1340 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 390 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 250 | |
| 12 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 15 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 60 | |
| 1.7 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 61 | |
| 1.9 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 31 | |
| 31 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.9 | |
| 8.0 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.7 | |
| 5.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 42 | |
| 76 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 310 | |
| 190 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 18 to 110 | |
| 19 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 89 to 1730 | |
| 180 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.2 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 8.2 to 24 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 10 to 21 | |
| 18 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 73 | |
| 3.2 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 9.3 to 27 | |
| 12 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0.35 to 0.75 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 15 to 19 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 96.9 to 99 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 38.2 to 51.7 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0.9 to 1.3 | |
| 33 to 37 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 2.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 to 0.8 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |