C19400 Copper vs. ASTM A227 Spring Steel
C19400 copper belongs to the copper alloys classification, while ASTM A227 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is C19400 copper and the bottom bar is ASTM A227 spring steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 120 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 2.3 to 37 | |
| 12 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.34 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 44 | |
| 72 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 210 to 300 | |
| 1030 to 1330 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 310 to 630 | |
| 1720 to 2220 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 98 to 520 | |
| 1430 to 1850 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 210 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 200 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1090 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1080 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 390 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 260 | |
| 52 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 58 to 68 | |
| 7.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 58 to 69 | |
| 8.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 30 | |
| 1.8 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.9 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.6 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 40 | |
| 19 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 300 | |
| 46 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 5.5 to 220 | |
| 200 to 260 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.3 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 9.7 to 20 | |
| 61 to 79 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 11 to 18 | |
| 41 to 48 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 75 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 to 22 | |
| 55 to 71 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0.45 to 0.85 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 96.8 to 97.8 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 2.1 to 2.6 | |
| 97.4 to 99.1 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.3 to 1.3 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0.015 to 0.15 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0.050 to 0.2 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0 |