C19400 Copper vs. SAE-AISI 1078 Steel
C19400 copper belongs to the copper alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1078 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is C19400 copper and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1078 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 120 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 2.3 to 37 | |
| 11 to 14 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.34 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 44 | |
| 72 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 210 to 300 | |
| 440 to 470 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 310 to 630 | |
| 730 to 780 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 98 to 520 | |
| 430 to 570 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 210 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 200 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1090 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1080 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 390 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 260 | |
| 49 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 11 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 58 to 68 | |
| 7.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 58 to 69 | |
| 8.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 30 | |
| 1.8 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.9 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.6 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 40 | |
| 18 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 300 | |
| 45 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 5.5 to 220 | |
| 77 to 90 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 41 to 1140 | |
| 490 to 860 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.3 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 9.7 to 20 | |
| 26 to 28 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 11 to 18 | |
| 23 to 24 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 75 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 to 22 | |
| 25 to 26 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0.72 to 0.85 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 96.8 to 97.8 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 2.1 to 2.6 | |
| 98.5 to 99 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.3 to 0.6 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0.015 to 0.15 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0.050 to 0.2 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0 |