C32000 Brass vs. SAE-AISI 4012 Steel
C32000 brass belongs to the copper alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 4012 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is C32000 brass and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4012 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 6.8 to 29 | |
| 23 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 41 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 180 to 280 | |
| 270 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 270 to 470 | |
| 420 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 78 to 390 | |
| 220 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 190 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 170 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1020 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 990 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 380 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 160 | |
| 51 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 19 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 36 | |
| 7.1 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 37 | |
| 8.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 28 | |
| 2.1 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.7 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.6 | |
| 1.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 42 | |
| 19 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 310 | |
| 47 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 30 to 59 | |
| 82 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 28 to 680 | |
| 130 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.1 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 8.8 to 15 | |
| 15 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 11 to 16 | |
| 16 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 47 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 9.5 to 16 | |
| 12 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0.090 to 0.14 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 83.5 to 86.5 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 98.2 to 98.9 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 1.5 to 2.2 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.75 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.25 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 10.6 to 15 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |