C61900 Bronze vs. ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel
C61900 bronze belongs to the copper alloys classification, while ASTM A387 grade 12 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is C61900 bronze and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 21 to 32 | |
| 25 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.34 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 43 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 370 to 410 | |
| 300 to 330 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 570 to 650 | |
| 470 to 520 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 230 to 310 | |
| 260 to 310 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 230 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 220 | |
| 430 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1050 | |
| 1470 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1040 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 440 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 79 | |
| 44 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 18 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 11 | |
| 7.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 11 | |
| 8.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 28 | |
| 2.8 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.3 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.1 | |
| 1.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 51 | |
| 21 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 380 | |
| 51 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 to 150 | |
| 98 to 110 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 230 to 430 | |
| 180 to 250 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.6 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 19 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 19 to 22 | |
| 16 to 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 18 to 20 | |
| 17 to 18 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 22 | |
| 12 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 20 to 23 | |
| 14 to 15 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 8.5 to 10 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0.050 to 0.17 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 0.8 to 1.2 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 83.6 to 88.5 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 3.0 to 4.5 | |
| 97 to 98.2 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.4 to 0.65 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0.45 to 0.6 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.4 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Tin (Sn), % | 0 to 0.6 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 to 0.8 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |