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C81400 Copper vs. ASTM A387 Grade 2 Steel

C81400 copper belongs to the copper alloys classification, while ASTM A387 grade 2 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is C81400 copper and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 2 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 120
190
Elongation at Break, % 11
25
Poisson's Ratio 0.34
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 41
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 370
470 to 550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 250
260 to 350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 210
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 200
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1090
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1070
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 390
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 260
45
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 60
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 61
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 33
2.6
Density, g/cm3 8.9
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.8
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 310
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 36
98 to 120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 260
180 to 320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 7.3
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 18
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 11
16 to 20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 13
17 to 19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 75
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13
14 to 16

Alloy Composition

Beryllium (Be), % 0.020 to 0.1
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.050 to 0.21
Chromium (Cr), % 0.6 to 1.0
0.5 to 0.8
Copper (Cu), % 98.4 to 99.38
0
Iron (Fe), % 0
97.1 to 98.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.55 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.45 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.15 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.025
Residuals, % 0 to 0.5
0