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C81400 Copper vs. ASTM Grade HL Steel

C81400 copper belongs to the copper alloys classification, while ASTM grade HL steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is C81400 copper and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HL steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 120
200
Elongation at Break, % 11
11
Poisson's Ratio 0.34
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 41
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 370
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 250
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 210
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 200
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1090
1390
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1070
1340
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 390
490
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
17

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 33
27
Density, g/cm3 8.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.8
4.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
65
Embodied Water, L/kg 310
210

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 36
48
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 260
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 7.3
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 18
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 11
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 13
18
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13
11

Alloy Composition

Beryllium (Be), % 0.020 to 0.1
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.2 to 0.6
Chromium (Cr), % 0.6 to 1.0
28 to 32
Copper (Cu), % 98.4 to 99.38
0
Iron (Fe), % 0
40.8 to 53.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
18 to 22
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Residuals, % 0 to 0.5
0