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C94400 Bronze vs. ASTM Grade HC Steel

C94400 bronze belongs to the copper alloys classification, while ASTM grade HC steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is C94400 bronze and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HC steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 100
200
Elongation at Break, % 18
6.0
Poisson's Ratio 0.35
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 37
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 220
430
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 110
200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 180
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 150
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 940
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 790
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 350
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
17
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 19
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 10
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.9
2.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 32
14
Density, g/cm3 9.1
7.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.4
2.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 54
40
Embodied Water, L/kg 390
170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 33
21
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 60
95
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 6.1
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 17
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 6.8
16
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 9.0
16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 17
4.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 8.3
14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0 to 0.0050
0
Antimony (Sb), % 0 to 0.8
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 0
26 to 30
Copper (Cu), % 76.1 to 84
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.15
61.9 to 74
Lead (Pb), % 9.0 to 12
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 4.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.0050
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.040
Tin (Sn), % 7.0 to 9.0
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.8
0