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S20431 Stainless Steel vs. Grade 21 Titanium

S20431 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is S20431 stainless steel and the bottom bar is grade 21 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
140
Elongation at Break, % 46
9.0 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 320
550 to 660
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
51
Shear Strength, MPa 500
550 to 790
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 710
890 to 1340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 350
870 to 1170

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 890
310
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1740
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1690
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
500
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
7.5
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
7.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 12
60
Density, g/cm3 7.7
5.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.5
32
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 36
490
Embodied Water, L/kg 140
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 270
110 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 310
2760 to 5010
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
32
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25
46 to 69
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23
38 to 50
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.0
2.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
66 to 100

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
2.5 to 3.5
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.12
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 18
0
Copper (Cu), % 1.5 to 3.5
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 66.1 to 74.4
0 to 0.4
Manganese (Mn), % 5.0 to 7.0
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
14 to 16
Nickel (Ni), % 2.0 to 4.0
0
Niobium (Nb), % 0
2.2 to 3.2
Nitrogen (N), % 0.1 to 0.25
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.17
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.25
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
76 to 81.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4