S41045 Stainless Steel vs. AISI 444 Stainless Steel
Both S41045 stainless steel and AISI 444 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have a moderately high 91% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is S41045 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 444 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 160 | |
| 190 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 25 | |
| 23 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 160 | |
| 210 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.28 |
| Rockwell B Hardness | 70 | |
| 83 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 76 | |
| 78 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 280 | |
| 300 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 430 | |
| 470 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 230 | |
| 310 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 270 | |
| 290 |
| Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C | 430 | |
| 580 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 740 | |
| 930 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1400 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 29 | |
| 23 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 10 | |
| 10 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.9 | |
| 2.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 3.3 | |
| 2.5 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 8.5 | |
| 15 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.2 | |
| 3.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 31 | |
| 47 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 100 | |
| 130 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 13 | |
| 26 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 92 | |
| 95 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 140 | |
| 240 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 16 | |
| 17 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 16 | |
| 17 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 7.8 | |
| 6.2 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 16 | |
| 16 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 12 to 13 | |
| 17.5 to 19.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 83.8 to 88 | |
| 73.3 to 80.8 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 1.8 to 2.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 to 0.6 | |
| 0.2 to 0.8 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.8 |