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S43940 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4340M Steel

Both S43940 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 4340M steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is S43940 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160
710
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 21
6.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 180
690
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
72
Shear Strength, MPa 310
1360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 490
2340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 280
1240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 890
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 25
38
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.4
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 12
3.9
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.6
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 38
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 120
55

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 18
2.2
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 86
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 200
4120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
84
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
51
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.8
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
70

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.030
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 17.5 to 18.5
0.7 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 78.2 to 82.1
93.3 to 94.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.65 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.35 to 0.45
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.7 to 2.0
Niobium (Nb), % 0.3 to 0.6
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.012
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
1.5 to 1.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.012
Titanium (Ti), % 0.1 to 0.6
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.050 to 0.1