S45503 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel
Both S45503 stainless steel and ASTM A231 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 77% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is S45503 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 410 to 500 | |
| 540 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 4.6 to 6.8 | |
| 14 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 710 to 800 | |
| 1000 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.29 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 17 to 28 | |
| 46 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 75 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 940 to 1070 | |
| 1080 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1610 to 1850 | |
| 1790 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 1430 to 1700 | |
| 1570 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 270 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 760 | |
| 420 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1440 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1400 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 13 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 15 | |
| 2.3 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.4 | |
| 2.0 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 48 | |
| 28 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 120 | |
| 51 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 82 to 110 | |
| 230 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 57 to 65 | |
| 64 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 39 to 43 | |
| 42 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 56 to 64 | |
| 53 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0.48 to 0.53 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 11 to 12.5 | |
| 0.8 to 1.1 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 1.5 to 2.5 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 72.4 to 78.9 | |
| 96.7 to 97.7 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0.7 to 0.9 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 7.5 to 9.5 | |
| 0 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0.1 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 1.0 to 1.4 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.3 |