Zirconia vs. Mullite
Both zirconia and mullite are oxide-based engineering ceramics. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.
For each property being compared, the top bar is zirconia and the bottom bar is mullite.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Compressive (Crushing) Strength, MPa | 1260 to 3080 | |
| 800 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 to 200 | |
| 110 to 170 |
| Flexural Strength, MPa | 630 to 970 | |
| 130 to 160 |
| Fracture Toughness, MPa-m1/2 | 8.0 to 11 | |
| 2.0 |
| Knoop Hardness | 1210 to 1300 | |
| 750 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.25 to 0.29 | |
| 0.25 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 410 to 450 | |
| 160 |
Thermal Properties
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 500 to 1330 | |
| 1680 |
| Maximum Thermal Shock, °C | 300 to 350 | |
| 170 to 230 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 400 to 510 | |
| 950 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 2.2 to 4.3 | |
| 3.5 to 11 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 8.8 to 9.5 | |
| 5.8 |
Electrical Properties
| Dielectric Constant (Relative Permittivity) At 1 MHz | 28 | |
| 6.3 |
| Dielectric Strength (Breakdown Potential), kV/mm | 7.7 to 9.0 | |
| 16 to 17 |
| Electrical Resistivity Order of Magnitude, 10x Ω-m | 4.5 to 11 | |
| 10 to 11 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 5.7 to 6.0 | |
| 2.7 to 3.0 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 19 | |
| 22 to 31 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 33 to 34 | |
| 58 to 62 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 19 to 22 | |
| 15 to 17 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 21 to 23 | |
| 22 to 24 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 0.73 to 1.8 | |
| 1.4 to 3.7 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 15 to 19 | |
| 12 to 19 |