2011A (AlCu6BiPb(A)) Aluminum
2011A aluminum is a 2000-series aluminum alloy: the main alloying addition is copper, and it is formulated for primary forming into wrought products. 2011A is the Aluminum Association (AA) designation for this material. In European standards, it will be given as EN AW-2011A. AlCu6BiPb(A) is the EN chemical designation.
It originally received its standard designation in 1982.
The properties of 2011A aluminum include four common variations. This page shows summary ranges across all of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare 2011A aluminum to: 2000-series alloys (top), all aluminum alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
70 GPa 10 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
6.8 to 16 %
Fatigue Strength
75 to 100 MPa 11 to 15 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.33
Shear Modulus
26 GPa 3.8 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
190 to 250 MPa 27 to 36 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
310 to 410 MPa 45 to 60 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
140 to 310 MPa 21 to 45 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
390 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
190 °C 370 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
660 °C 1230 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
550 °C 1020 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
870 J/kg-K 0.21 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
130 W/m-K 76 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
23 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
33 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
96 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
11 % relative
Density
3.1 g/cm3 190 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
7.9 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
150 MJ/kg 63 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
1150 L/kg 140 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
20 to 40 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
140 to 670 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
44 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
28 to 37 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
33 to 40 points
Thermal Diffusivity
49 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
14 to 18 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought aluminum alloys, the composition of 2011A aluminum is notable for containing a comparatively high amount of copper (Cu) and including lead (Pb). Copper is used to improve strength. This comes at the cost of a decrease in corrosion resistance and weldability. Lead is used to improve machinability at the cost of toxicity and a decrease in weldability.
| Al | 91.5 to 95.1 | |
| Cu | 4.5 to 6.0 | |
| Pb | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| Bi | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.5 | |
| Si | 0 to 0.4 | |
| Zn | 0 to 0.3 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.15 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
EN 754-2: Aluminium and aluminium alloys. Cold drawn rod/bar and tube. Mechanical properties
EN 755-2: Aluminium and aluminium alloys. Extruded rod/bar, tube and profiles. Mechanical properties
ASM Specialty Handbook: Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys, J. R. Davis (editor), 1993
EN 573-3: Aluminium and aluminium alloys. Chemical composition and form of wrought products. Chemical composition and form of products
CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015