2014A-T351 Aluminum
2014A-T351 aluminum is 2014A aluminum in the T351 temper. To achieve this temper, the metal is solution heat-treated, stress relieved, then naturally aged. The stress relief is accomplished by stretching the metal by an amount that depends on the type of standard wrought product being made (sheet, plate, bar, or forging).
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare 2014A-T351 aluminum to: 2000-series alloys (top), all aluminum alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
72 GPa 10 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
6.7 %
Fatigue Strength
120 MPa 18 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.33
Shear Modulus
27 GPa 3.9 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
250 MPa 36 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
430 MPa 62 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
330 MPa 48 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
400 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
210 °C 410 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
640 °C 1180 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
510 °C 940 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
870 J/kg-K 0.21 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
150 W/m-K 84 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
23 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
37 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
110 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
11 % relative
Density
3.0 g/cm3 190 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
8.1 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
150 MJ/kg 64 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
1140 L/kg 140 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
26 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
760 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
46 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
39 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
42 points
Thermal Diffusivity
55 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
19 points
Alloy Composition
| Al | 90.8 to 95 | |
| Cu | 3.9 to 5.0 | |
| Mn | 0.4 to 1.2 | |
| Si | 0.5 to 0.9 | |
| Mg | 0.2 to 0.8 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.5 | |
| Zn | 0 to 0.25 | |
| Zr | 0 to 0.2 | |
| Ti | 0 to 0.15 | |
| Cr | 0 to 0.1 | |
| Ni | 0 to 0.1 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.15 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
Aerospace Materials, Brian Cantor et al. (editors), 2001
EN 754-2: Aluminium and aluminium alloys. Cold drawn rod/bar and tube. Mechanical properties
Aluminum: Properties and Physical Metallurgy, John E. Hatch (editor), 1984
EN 573-3: Aluminium and aluminium alloys. Chemical composition and form of wrought products. Chemical composition and form of products