2017-T451 Aluminum
2017-T451 aluminum is 2017 aluminum in the T451 temper. To achieve this temper, the metal is solution heat-treated, stress relieved, then naturally aged. The stress relief is accomplished by stretching the metal by an amount that depends on the type of standard wrought product being made (sheet, plate, bar, or forging).
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare 2017-T451 aluminum to: 2000-series alloys (top), all aluminum alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
110
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
71 GPa 10 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
16 %
Fatigue Strength
130 MPa 18 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.33
Shear Modulus
27 GPa 3.9 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
260 MPa 38 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
420 MPa 61 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
250 MPa 37 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
390 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
190 °C 380 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
640 °C 1180 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
510 °C 950 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
880 J/kg-K 0.21 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
150 W/m-K 86 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
24 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
38 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
110 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
10 % relative
Density
3.0 g/cm3 190 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
8.0 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
150 MJ/kg 64 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
1140 L/kg 140 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
57 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
450 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
46 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
39 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
42 points
Thermal Diffusivity
56 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
18 points
Alloy Composition
| Al | 91.6 to 95.5 | |
| Cu | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| Mn | 0.4 to 1.0 | |
| Mg | 0.4 to 0.8 | |
| Si | 0.2 to 0.8 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.7 | |
| Zn | 0 to 0.25 | |
| Ti | 0 to 0.15 | |
| Cr | 0 to 0.1 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.15 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
ASTM B211: Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Bar, Rod, and Wire
Aerospace Materials, Brian Cantor et al. (editors), 2001
Aluminum Standards and Data, Aluminum Association Inc., 2013
ISO 6361-2: Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys - Sheets, strips and plates - Part 2: Mechanical properties
Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials, ASM Handbook vol. 2, ASM International, 1993