2218-T61 Aluminum
2218-T61 aluminum is 2218 aluminum in the T61 temper. To achieve this temper, the metal is solution heat-treated and artificially underaged. The degree of underaging is different from T64 and T65. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare 2218-T61 aluminum to: 2000-series alloys (top), all aluminum alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
110
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
73 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
6.8 %
Fatigue Strength
110 MPa 16 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.33
Shear Modulus
27 GPa 4.0 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
250 MPa 37 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
430 MPa 63 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
310 MPa 45 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
390 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
220 °C 430 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
640 °C 1180 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
510 °C 940 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
870 J/kg-K 0.21 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
140 W/m-K 81 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
22 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
37 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
110 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
11 % relative
Density
3.1 g/cm3 190 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
8.2 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
150 MJ/kg 64 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
1130 L/kg 130 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
27 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
650 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
45 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
39 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
41 points
Thermal Diffusivity
52 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
19 points
Alloy Composition
| Al | 88.8 to 93.6 | |
| Cu | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| Ni | 1.7 to 2.3 | |
| Mg | 1.2 to 1.8 | |
| Fe | 0 to 1.0 | |
| Si | 0 to 0.9 | |
| Zn | 0 to 0.25 | |
| Mn | 0 to 0.2 | |
| Cr | 0 to 0.1 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.15 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
ASTM B247: Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Die Forgings, Hand Forgings, and Rolled Ring Forgings
Iron in Aluminium Alloys: Impurity and Alloying Element, N. A. Belov et al., 2002
Aluminum Standards and Data, Aluminum Association Inc., 2013
ASM Specialty Handbook: Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys, J. R. Davis (editor), 1993