AISI 316LN (S31653) Stainless Steel
AISI 316LN stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the annealed condition. 316LN is the AISI designation for this material. S31653 is the UNS number. Additionally, the British Standard (BS) designation is 316S62.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare AISI 316LN stainless steel to: wrought austenitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
200 GPa 29 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
42 %
Fatigue Strength
200 MPa 29 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.28
Reduction in Area
51 %
Rockwell B Hardness
80
Shear Modulus
82 GPa 12 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
410 MPa 59 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
590 MPa 86 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
230 MPa 33 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
290 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
410 °C 770 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
940 °C 1730 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1450 °C 2630 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1380 °C 2510 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
15 W/m-K 8.8 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
17 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
2.3 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
2.6 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
19 % relative
Calomel Potential
-40 mV
Density
7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
3.8 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
53 MJ/kg 23 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
150 L/kg 18 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
27
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
200 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
130 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
21 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
20 points
Thermal Diffusivity
4.1 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
13 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of AISI 316LN stainless steel is notable for containing a comparatively high amount of nickel (Ni). Nickel is primarily used to achieve a specific microstructure. In addition, it has a beneficial effect on mechanical properties and certain types of corrosion.
| Fe | 62 to 71.9 | |
| Cr | 16 to 18 | |
| Ni | 10 to 14 | |
| Mo | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| Mn | 0 to 2.0 | |
| Si | 0 to 0.75 | |
| N | 0.1 to 0.16 | |
| P | 0 to 0.045 | |
| C | 0 to 0.030 | |
| S | 0 to 0.030 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM A479: Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels
ASTM A182: Standard Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service
ASTM A276: Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
ASTM A240: Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
ASTM A959: Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Stainless Steels
Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels: Mechanism, Mitigation and Monitoring, H. S. Khatak and B. Raj (editors), 2002
Pressure Vessels: External Pressure Technology, 2nd ed., Carl T. F. Ross, 2011
Austenitic Stainless Steels: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties, P. Marshall, 1984
ASM Specialty Handbook: Stainless Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1994
Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010