ASTM A203 Grade D Nickel Steel
ASTM A203 grade D is a type of ASTM A203 steel. Cited properties are appropriate for the normalized condition. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare ASTM A203 grade D to: wrought alloy steels in the same category (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
190 GPa 27 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
26 %
Fatigue Strength
210 MPa 31 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.29
Shear Modulus
73 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
330 MPa 48 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
520 MPa 75 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
290 MPa 42 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
250 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
410 °C 770 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1460 °C 2660 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1420 °C 2580 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
52 W/m-K 30 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
13 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
7.6 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
8.7 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
4.0 % relative
Density
7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
1.7 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
23 MJ/kg 9.8 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
52 L/kg 6.2 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
110 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
230 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
24 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
18 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
18 points
Thermal Diffusivity
14 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
15 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 94.6 to 96.7 | |
| Ni | 3.2 to 3.8 | |
| Mn | 0 to 0.88 | |
| Si | 0.13 to 0.45 | |
| C | 0 to 0.2 | |
| P | 0 to 0.035 | |
| S | 0 to 0.035 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM A203: Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Nickel
Pressure Vessels: External Pressure Technology, 2nd ed., Carl T. F. Ross, 2011
Manufacture and Uses of Alloy Steels, Henry D. Hibbard, 2005
Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008
Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015