ASTM A602 Grade M8501 (F20005) Cast Iron
Grade M8501 cast iron is automotive malleable cast iron in the quenched and tempered condition. M8501 is the ASTM designation for this material. F20005 is the UNS number. It has the highest strength and lowest ductility compared to the other variants of automotive malleable cast iron.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare grade M8501 cast iron to: cast irons (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
290
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
180 GPa 26 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
1.0 %
Poisson's Ratio
0.29
Shear Modulus
70 GPa 10 x 106 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
720 MPa 110 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
590 MPa 85 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
260 J/g
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1410 °C 2570 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1370 °C 2500 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
480 J/kg-K 0.12 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
41 W/m-K 24 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
14 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
7.4 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
8.7 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
1.9 % relative
Density
7.6 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
1.5 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
20 MJ/kg 8.7 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
45 L/kg 5.3 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
6.8 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
950 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
26 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
24 points
Thermal Diffusivity
11 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
21 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 93.6 to 96.7 | |
| C | 2.2 to 2.9 | |
| Si | 0.9 to 1.9 | |
| Mn | 0.15 to 1.3 | |
| S | 0.020 to 0.2 | |
| P | 0.020 to 0.15 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
ASTM A602: Standard Specification for Automotive Malleable Iron Castings
Cast Iron: Physical and Engineering Properties, Harold T. Angus, 1976
Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High Performance Alloys, ASM Handbook vol. 1, ASM International, 1993
Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008