ASTM Grade 65-45-12 (SAE D4512, ISO 450-10) Ductile Cast Iron
ASTM grade 65-45-12 is ductile cast iron in the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. 65-45-12 is the ASTM designation for this material. 450-10 is the ISO numeric designation. D4512 is the SAE designation. Additionally, the UNS number is F33100.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare ASTM grade 65-45-12 to: cast irons (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
170 GPa 24 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
13 %
Fracture Toughness
23 MPa-m1/2 21 x 103 psi-in1/2
Poisson's Ratio
0.29
Shear Modulus
65 GPa 9.5 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
440 MPa 64 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
490 MPa 71 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
340 MPa 49 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
270 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
290 °C 550 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1160 °C 2120 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1120 °C 2050 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
490 J/kg-K 0.12 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
36 W/m-K 21 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
11 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
7.4 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
9.4 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
1.9 % relative
Density
7.1 g/cm3 440 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
1.5 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
21 MJ/kg 8.9 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
43 L/kg 5.1 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
59 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
340 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
26 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
19 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
19 points
Thermal Diffusivity
10 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
19 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 93.7 to 95.5 | |
| C | 3.0 to 3.5 | |
| Si | 1.5 to 2.8 | |
| P | 0 to 0.080 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
SAE J434: Automotive Ductile (Nodular) Iron Castings
ISO 1083: Spheroidal Graphite Cast Irons - Classification
ASTM A536: Standard Specification for Ductile Iron Castings
ASTM A395: Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures
Cast Iron: Physical and Engineering Properties, Harold T. Angus, 1976
Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High Performance Alloys, ASM Handbook vol. 1, ASM International, 1993
Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008