Annealed 316 Stainless Steel
Annealed AISI 316 is AISI 316 stainless steel in the annealed condition. It has the second lowest strength and second highest ductility compared to the other variants of AISI 316 stainless steel.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare annealed AISI 316 to: wrought austenitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
200 GPa 29 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
43 %
Fatigue Strength
210 MPa 30 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.28
Reduction in Area
80 %
Rockwell B Hardness
80
Shear Modulus
78 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
400 MPa 58 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
570 MPa 83 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
230 MPa 33 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
290 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
410 °C 770 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
590 °C 1090 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1400 °C 2550 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1380 °C 2510 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
15 W/m-K 8.9 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
16 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
2.3 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
2.6 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
19 % relative
Calomel Potential
-50 mV
Density
7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
3.9 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
53 MJ/kg 23 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
150 L/kg 18 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
26
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
200 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
130 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
20 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
19 points
Thermal Diffusivity
4.1 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
13 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 62 to 72 | |
| Cr | 16 to 18 | |
| Ni | 10 to 14 | |
| Mo | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| Mn | 0 to 2.0 | |
| Si | 0 to 0.75 | |
| N | 0 to 0.1 | |
| C | 0 to 0.080 | |
| P | 0 to 0.045 | |
| S | 0 to 0.030 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
ASTM A493: Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods for Cold Heading and Cold Forging
ASTM A473: Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Forgings
ASTM A479: Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels
ASTM A666: Standard Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat Bar
ASTM A182: Standard Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service
ASTM A276: Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
Creep-Resistant Steels, Fujio Abe et al. (editors), 2008
ASTM A240: Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
Welding Metallurgy of Stainless Steels, Erich Folkhard et al., 2012
ASTM A959: Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Stainless Steels