Cold Worked (+C1000) 1.4378 Stainless Steel
EN 1.4378 +C1000 steel is EN 1.4378 stainless steel in the cold worked (strain hardened) condition. It has the highest strength and lowest ductility compared to the other variants of EN 1.4378 stainless steel.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.4378 +C1000 steel to: wrought austenitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
340
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
200 GPa 29 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
14 %
Fatigue Strength
550 MPa 80 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.28
Shear Modulus
77 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
680 MPa 99 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
1130 MPa 160 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
970 MPa 140 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
290 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
410 °C 780 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
910 °C 1660 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1390 °C 2530 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1350 °C 2450 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
480 J/kg-K 0.12 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Expansion
17 µm/m-K
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
12 % relative
Density
7.6 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.7 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
39 MJ/kg 17 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
150 L/kg 18 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
23
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
150 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
2370 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
41 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
31 points
Thermal Shock Resistance
23 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 61.2 to 69 | |
| Cr | 17 to 19 | |
| Mn | 11.5 to 14.5 | |
| Ni | 2.3 to 3.7 | |
| Si | 0 to 1.0 | |
| N | 0.2 to 0.4 | |
| C | 0 to 0.080 | |
| P | 0 to 0.060 | |
| S | 0 to 0.030 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
Welding Metallurgy, 2nd ed., Sindo Kou, 2003
EN 10088-3: Stainless steels - Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes
EN 10088-1: Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels
Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels: Mechanism, Mitigation and Monitoring, H. S. Khatak and B. Raj (editors), 2002
Austenitic Stainless Steels: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties, P. Marshall, 1984
Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High Performance Alloys, ASM Handbook vol. 1, ASM International, 1993
Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010