EN 1.4011 (GX12Cr12) Cast Stainless Steel
EN 1.4011 stainless steel is a martensitic stainless steel formulated for casting. Cited properties are appropriate for the quenched and tempered condition. 1.4011 is the EN numeric designation for this material. GX12Cr12 is the EN chemical designation.
It has the lowest base cost among cast martensitic stainless steels. In addition, it has a moderately low embodied energy and a moderately low tensile strength.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.4011 stainless steel to: cast martensitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
190 GPa 28 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
17 %
Fatigue Strength
310 MPa 45 x 103 psi
Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy
23 J 17 ft-lb
Poisson's Ratio
0.28
Shear Modulus
76 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
700 MPa 100 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
510 MPa 74 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
270 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
390 °C 730 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
750 °C 1380 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1450 °C 2630 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1400 °C 2560 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
25 W/m-K 14 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
11 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
2.9 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
3.4 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
7.0 % relative
Density
7.8 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.0 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
28 MJ/kg 12 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
100 L/kg 12 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
13
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
110 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
660 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
25 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
23 points
Thermal Diffusivity
6.7 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
24 points
Alloy Composition
Among cast stainless steels, the composition of EN 1.4011 stainless steel is notable for containing comparatively high amounts of chromium (Cr) and manganese (Mn). Chromium is the defining alloying element of stainless steel. Higher chromium content imparts additional corrosion resistance. Manganese is used to improve ductility at elevated temperatures. It also permits a higher nitrogen content than would otherwise be possible.
| Fe | 82.8 to 88.5 | |
| Cr | 11.5 to 13.5 | |
| Mn | 0 to 1.0 | |
| Si | 0 to 1.0 | |
| Ni | 0 to 1.0 | |
| Mo | 0 to 0.5 | |
| C | 0 to 0.15 | |
| P | 0 to 0.035 | |
| S | 0 to 0.025 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ISO 11972: Corrosion-resistant cast steels for general applications
EN 10283: Corrosion resistant steel castings
Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996
Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010
CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015