EN 1.4501 (X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4) Stainless Steel
EN 1.4501 stainless steel is a duplex stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the solution annealed (AT) condition. 1.4501 is the EN numeric designation for this material. X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4 is the EN chemical designation.
It has a moderately high embodied energy among wrought duplex stainless steels. In addition, it has a moderately high base cost and a moderately high tensile strength.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.4501 stainless steel to: wrought duplex stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
200 GPa 30 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
27 %
Fatigue Strength
430 MPa 63 x 103 psi
Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy
90 J 67 ft-lb
Poisson's Ratio
0.27
Shear Modulus
80 GPa 12 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
540 MPa 78 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
830 MPa 120 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
600 MPa 87 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
300 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
450 °C 840 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
1100 °C 2010 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1460 °C 2660 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1410 °C 2570 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
15 W/m-K 8.7 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
13 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
2.2 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
2.5 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
22 % relative
Density
7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
4.1 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
57 MJ/kg 25 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
180 L/kg 21 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
42
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
210 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
870 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
29 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
25 points
Thermal Diffusivity
4.0 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
22 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of EN 1.4501 stainless steel is notable for including tungsten (W) and containing a comparatively high amount of chromium (Cr). Tungsten interacts with other alloying elements to a greater extent than usual, which makes it hard to broadly characterize its effects. Chromium is the defining alloying element of stainless steel. Higher chromium content imparts additional corrosion resistance.
| Fe | 57.6 to 65.8 | |
| Cr | 24 to 26 | |
| Ni | 6.0 to 8.0 | |
| Mo | 3.0 to 4.0 | |
| W | 0.5 to 1.0 | |
| Cu | 0.5 to 1.0 | |
| Mn | 0 to 1.0 | |
| Si | 0 to 1.0 | |
| N | 0.2 to 0.3 | |
| P | 0 to 0.035 | |
| C | 0 to 0.030 | |
| S | 0 to 0.015 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
EN 10272: Stainless steel bars for pressure purposes
EN 10250-4: Open die steel forgings for general engineering purposes - Part 4: Stainless steels
Duplex Stainless Steels, Iris Alvarez-Armas and Suzanne Degallaix-Moreuil (editors), 2009
Duplex Stainless Steels: Microstructure, Properties and Applications, Robert N. Gunn (editor), 1997
EN 10088-2: Stainless steels - Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes
EN 10088-3: Stainless steels - Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes
EN 10088-1: Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels
Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996
Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010