EN 1.4596 (X1CrNiMoAlTi12-10-2) Stainless Steel
EN 1.4596 stainless steel is a precipitation-hardening stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. 1.4596 is the EN numeric designation for this material. X1CrNiMoAlTi12-10-2 is the EN chemical designation.
The properties of EN 1.4596 stainless steel include two common variations. This page shows summary ranges across both of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare EN 1.4596 stainless steel to: wrought precipitation-hardening stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
200 GPa 28 x 106 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.28
Shear Modulus
76 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
1030 to 1600 MPa 150 to 230 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
280 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
450 °C 840 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
790 °C 1450 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1450 °C 2650 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1410 °C 2570 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Expansion
11 µm/m-K
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
15 % relative
Density
7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
3.5 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
48 MJ/kg 20 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
130 L/kg 16 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
19
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
36 to 56 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
29 to 39 points
Thermal Shock Resistance
35 to 54 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of EN 1.4596 stainless steel is notable for including aluminum (Al) and titanium (Ti). Aluminum is used to improve oxidation resistance. It can also enhance the effects of heat treatment. Titanium is used to broadly improve mechanical properties.
| Fe | 73.4 to 76.4 | |
| Cr | 11.5 to 12.5 | |
| Ni | 9.2 to 10.2 | |
| Mo | 1.9 to 2.2 | |
| Al | 0.8 to 1.1 | |
| Ti | 0.28 to 0.4 | |
| Mn | 0 to 0.1 | |
| Si | 0 to 0.1 | |
| N | 0 to 0.020 | |
| C | 0 to 0.015 | |
| P | 0 to 0.010 | |
| S | 0 to 0.0050 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
Metallic Materials: Physical, Mechanical, and Corrosion Properties, Philip A. Schweitzer, 2003
EN 10088-3: Stainless steels - Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes
EN 10088-1: Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels
Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996
Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010