Full-Hard (H04) C16500 Copper
H04 C16500 copper is C16500 copper in the H04 (full hard) temper. It has the second lowest strength and second highest ductility compared to the other variants of C16500 copper. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare H04 C16500 copper to: wrought coppers (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
110 GPa 17 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
14 %
Poisson's Ratio
0.34
Rockwell B Hardness
71
Shear Modulus
43 GPa 6.2 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
300 MPa 43 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
490 MPa 71 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
400 MPa 58 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
210 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
340 °C 650 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1070 °C 1960 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1010 °C 1850 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
380 J/kg-K 0.091 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
250 W/m-K 150 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
17 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
60 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
61 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
31 % relative
Density
8.9 g/cm3 560 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.6 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
42 MJ/kg 18 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
320 L/kg 38 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
66 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
700 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
7.1 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
18 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
15 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
15 points
Thermal Diffusivity
74 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
17 points
Alloy Composition
| Cu | 97.8 to 98.9 | |
| Cd | 0.6 to 1.0 | |
| Sn | 0.5 to 0.7 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.020 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.5 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
Copper Alloys: Preparation, Properties and Applications, Michael Naboka and Jennifer Giordano (editors), 2013