Full-Hard (H04) C18700 Copper
H04 C18700 copper is C18700 copper in the H04 (full hard) temper. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare H04 C18700 copper to: wrought coppers (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
110 GPa 17 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
9.6 %
Poisson's Ratio
0.34
Shear Modulus
43 GPa 6.2 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
190 MPa 28 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
330 MPa 47 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
250 MPa 37 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
210 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
200 °C 390 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1080 °C 1980 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
950 °C 1750 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
380 J/kg-K 0.091 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
380 W/m-K 220 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
17 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
98 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
99 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
30 % relative
Density
9.0 g/cm3 560 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.6 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
41 MJ/kg 18 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
310 L/kg 37 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
29 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
280 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
7.1 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
18 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
10 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
12 points
Thermal Diffusivity
110 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
12 points
Alloy Composition
| Cu | 98 to 99.2 | |
| Pb | 0.8 to 1.5 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.5 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
ASTM B301: Standard Specification for Free-Cutting Copper Rod, Bar, Wire, and Shapes
Copper Alloys: Preparation, Properties and Applications, Michael Naboka and Jennifer Giordano (editors), 2013
ASM Specialty Handbook: Copper and Copper Alloys, J. R. Davis (editor), 2001